一般过去时 vs 现在完成时

一般过去时

结构：动词过去式

用途：已经结束的过去事件，通常说明了何时发生。

I made an app last week.

信号：yesterday、last week、ago、in 2024

现在完成时

结构：have / has + 过去分词

用途：截至现在的经历、次数，或对现在仍重要的结果；不搭配已结束的具体过去时间。

I have made an app before.

常见词：already、yet、ever、never、just、recently

I read it yesterday.
I have read it twice.

She arrived ten minutes ago.
She has just arrived.

Did you finish it last night?
Have you finished it yet?

make → made → made

read → read → read（过去式和过去分词拼写不变）

see → saw → seen

go → went → gone

write → wrote → written